THE FUTURE OF INTERNET PROTOCOL

THE FUTURE OF INTERNET PROTOCOL (IP)

Internet Protocol, or simply IP address has been standardize ways of assigning names to the computers/devices on any network. Inasmuch as we have IPv4 there is also IPv6 - Internet Protocol version 6 on board, though which had not been given much hype.

So what is "IPv6", and why do I need to know about it?

IPv6 or IP version 6 is the next generation Internet protocol which will eventually replace the current protocol IPv4. IPv6 has a number of improvements and simplifications when compared to IPv4. 

The primary difference is that IPv6 uses 128 bit addresses as compared to the 32 bit addresses used by IPv4. This means that there are more available IP addresses when using IPv6 than are available with IPv4 alone.

For a very clear comparison, in IPv4 there is a total of 4,294,967,296 IP addresses. With IPv6, there is a total of 18,446,744,073,709,551,616 IP addresses in a single /64 allocation. To also help illustrate the sheer magnitude of available IP addresses using IPv6, you can get 65536 /64 allocations out of a single /48, and then 65536 /48 allocations out of a single /32. 

Hence, many Service Providers are getting /32 allocations from their Regional Internet Registry (RIR) like ARIN, APNIC, RIPE, etc. 

A significant difference between IPv6 and IPv4 is the address notation. IPv4 uses a period (.) between each octet, compared to IPv6 which uses a colon (:). With IPv6, if you have a series of zeroes in a row, the address need not be written out completely. You can use a double colon (::) to represent that series of zeroes, however you can only use that once.

Deployment of IPv6 availability depends on your Service Provider, either at home or for work. In a dual-stack environment, IPv4 and IPv6 coexist along the same connection and don't require any special kind of connection. If dual-stack is not available, you might find yourself using an IP tunneling product or service to bring IPv6 connectivity to you. Even though IPv4 exhaustion has happened, particularly at IANA and some other organizations,

IPv4 won't simply disappear off the face of the Internet, but continued explosive growth requiring more unique IP address assignments will mean using more and more of the abundant IPv6 address space.

While it comes to day-to-day deployment of IP addresses to computers/devices, users should be expecting the full deployment of using IPv6 since many operating system platforms have already supporting it usage.

Even common web browsing and email software will use IPv6 if it is enabled and available, without

having to check off an option or special configuration. The transition from IPv4 to IPv6 is being worked on to be as seamless as possible, and many might not even notice the subtle changes in the coming years.

Reference: Hurricane Electric Internet Services